Recognizing the Early Signs of Gum Disease

Gum disease is one of the most common oral health problems, affecting over 40% of US adults 30 and older. You might think that because gum disease is so serious, it presents obvious symptoms, such as ongoing pain or tooth loss. 

In reality, these signs rarely appear until an infection is severe, creating a disconnect between what people expect and what gum disease really looks like in its early stages.

Because gum disease is often silent and develops slowly over months or years, experienced dentist Lilian Liu, DMD, at U&I Smile wants to highlight early warning signs of gum disease. Read on to know whether you’re at risk and how to take action.

What’s gum disease?

Gum (periodontal) disease is an infection of the gums, the pink tissue that links your teeth and jaw. It occurs when plaque, a mix of bacteria, saliva, and food particles, collects on your teeth and beneath your gums, causing inflammation and increasing the risk of more serious issues.

There are two main types of gum disease:

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the most common and earliest stage of gum disease. It causes gum inflammation but is easily treatable and reversible when diagnosed promptly. 

Periodontitis

Periodontitis is a more serious infection that occurs when gingivitis remains untreated. It may cause your gums to recede (pull away from your teeth), increase your risk of tooth loss, and even damage your jawbone.

The good news is that gum disease caught early rarely progresses to periodontitis. 

4 early warning signs of gum disease

One of the best ways to catch gum disease before it progresses is to inspect your gums daily, either before or after brushing your teeth. Here are four telltale signs to look for:

1. Red or swollen gums

Healthy gums are pink, firm to the touch, and fit snugly around the teeth. Their color and texture may vary, depending on your natural skin tone, but if your gums are visibly red or puffy, an infection is likely present. 

2. Bleeding when you brush or floss

Do your gums typically bleed when you brush or floss your teeth? Although this isn’t always a sign of gum disease, if it happens regularly, it often is. That’s because infected gums are especially sensitive to any irritation. 

3. Gum tenderness or sensitivity

Gum tissue is naturally less resilient than tooth enamel. However, if your mouth regularly feels sore or sensitive, especially after brushing or flossing, schedule a gum disease screening.

As the infection progresses, it can cause your gums to recede, exposing your tooth roots, which may exacerbate your discomfort.

4. Persistent bad breath

Many people with early gum disease experience persistent bad breath (halitosis). They may also experience a weird, ongoing taste in their mouth due to oral bacteria collecting beneath the gums. 

If bad breath continues despite regularly brushing and rinsing with an antibacterial mouthwash, don’t wait to get checked out.

What to do if you suspect you have gum disease

If you notice any signs of early gum disease, request a consultation with Dr. Liu. After reviewing your dental records, discussing your symptoms, and completing a comprehensive oral exam and X-rays, if necessary, she can make personalized treatment recommendations. 

Most cases of gingivitis can be treated and reversed through good dental hygiene, which includes twice-daily brushing, daily flossing, and rinsing with antibacterial mouthwash.

You may also benefit from a deep dental cleaning, which involves specialized dental tools that remove plaque from beneath your gum line.

Schedule a gum disease screening today!

If you’re concerned about early gum disease, don’t wait to act. Contact our Beaverton, Oregon, office by phone or online today to schedule an appointment with Dr. Liu and our caring team. Prompt action can protect your gums and keep your smile healthy for years to come.